Be sure to talk to your healthcare professional before making any treatment changes.
For people with diabetes, keeping blood sugar within a healthy range is essential to avoid complications. Blood sugar that’s too high (hyperglycemia) or too low (hypoglycemia) can have serious effects on your health. Knowing the signs and how to respond can help you manage your diabetes more effectively.
Signs of High Blood Sugar (Hyperglycemia)
High blood sugar occurs when there’s too much glucose in the bloodstream. Common symptoms include:
1. Increased thirst and frequent urination: Your body tries to get rid of excess sugar through urine, leading to dehydration.
2. Fatigue: When your cells don’t get enough glucose, you may feel unusually tired.
3. Blurred vision: High sugar levels can affect the lenses in your eyes, causing vision problems.
4. Headaches: A spike in glucose levels can lead to headaches or difficulty concentrating.
5. Slow healing of cuts and sores: High blood sugar can impair blood circulation and weaken the immune system.
How to Respond: If you experience these symptoms, check your blood sugar levels. If they’re high, take any prescribed medications, drink water to stay hydrated, and avoid sugary foods. If hyperglycemia persists or your blood sugar exceeds 300 mg/dL, seek medical help to avoid severe complications like diabetic ketoacidosis.
Signs of Low Blood Sugar (Hypoglycemia)
Low blood sugar occurs when your glucose drops below 70 mg/dL. Symptoms include:
1. Shakiness and sweating: These are often the earliest signs of hypoglycemia.
2. Dizziness or lightheadedness: You may feel faint or confused.
3. Rapid heartbeat: Your body releases adrenaline in response to low blood sugar.
4. Irritability or sudden mood changes: Low glucose levels can affect brain function, leading to irritability or anxiety.
5. Weakness or fatigue: You may feel weak or have difficulty performing tasks.
How to Respond: If you feel these symptoms, immediately consume 15-20 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates, like glucose tablets, juice, or candy. Recheck your blood sugar after 15 minutes. If it remains low, repeat the treatment until your levels normalize. Always carry a quick source of sugar in case of emergencies.
By recognizing the symptoms of high and low blood sugar and responding quickly, you can manage your diabetes more effectively and avoid serious health issues.
References:
1. American Diabetes Association. (2024). *Understanding Blood Sugar Levels*. Retrieved from [diabetes.org]
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2024). *Managing Blood Sugar Levels*. Retrieved from [cdc.gov]
3. Mayo Clinic. (2024). *Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia: Symptoms and Causes*. Retrieved from [mayoclinic.org]
